The following report was written by Hans Moeller, a Chatham High School Senior, based on research performed during 1-month internship at the Office of the NJ State Climatologist Introduction This past winter, snow covered the ground in northern and central New Jersey from the last week of January through mid-March. This long duration of snow cover was accompanied by colder-than-average conditions. This got me wondering whether there is a strong relationship between the two variables.

Flooding along Weber Road in Upper Deerfield (Cumberland County) on July 14. Photo by Layne Ball.

Overview

Scientists are carefully monitoring sea-surface temperatures in the tropical Pacific Ocean for a potential El Niño event. An El Niño occurs when warmer-than-average waters start to form in the eastern Pacific Ocean, specifically near the equatorial latitudes. Easterly winds (blowing from the east) typically move warmer water to the western Pacific (near Indonesia), permitting cooler water to upwell to the surface in the east (near South America). When these winds are weaker, or if they reverse direction, the warm water stays in the eastern Pacific.

Whether it is a browning lawn, dry garden soil, or pollen that hasn’t washed off your car in weeks, many of us in New Jersey have recognized that the state is in the midst of an extended period of very meager rainfall. Along with the aforementioned impacts, the flow of water in streams and ground water levels as monitored in wells are below, and in some cases, well below seasonal levels.

Whispy cirrus and contrails paint the sky in Piscataway (Middlesex County) early in the morning on April 6th. Photo by Dave Robinson.

Overview

A snowy Six Mile Run along the Millstone River in Franklin Twp (Somerset County) on March 5th. Photo by Dave Robinson..

Overview

Daily temperatures naturally fluctuate from week-to week and year-to-year (factoring out the seasonal “march” of temperature). Thus when temperature trends emerge over decades, it sparks a special interest here in the Office of the New Jersey State Climatologist. We are in the midst of a project to examine prolonged heat episodes throughout the state and have found some evidence for recent increases in such events. As impressive winter cold slowly comes to an end in NJ is there a better time to present some of our heat results? Of course not!

High Point Monument rising above snow and rime-covered trees on February 10. Photo courtesy of Nick Stefano..

February Overview